They had these cool electromechanical switches.

You see the transducer, the light blue.

There's water in between the skull and the transducer.

Instead of using electrical motors, electromechanical actuators, we're using compressed air.

On the right hand side, you see an ultrasonic transducer.

We attach a transducer, in this case, to the brain, but if it will be a different organ, it will be a different transducer attached to the patient.

We had knowledge about the electromechanical efficiency and then we can calculate the aerodynamic efficiency.

We had knowledge about the electromechanical efficiency and then we can calculate the aerodynamic efficiency.

So there was electromechanical systems, a good example of this actually was originally in phone systems.

So the ultrasonic transducer emits basically an ultrasonic beam that focuses inside the phantom.

So it consists of two parts, what we call an encoder and a transducer.

It was an electromechanical rotor machine invented by a German engineer at the end of the World War I.

So, when we did this for responses from the standard method and from our encoder and transducer.

But the key one really is the encoder alone, because we can team up the encoder with the different transducer.

So on the left is the encoder alone, and on the right is from an actual blind retina, so the encoder and the transducer.

And then the transducer then makes the output cells send the code on up to the brain, and the result is a retinal prosthetic that can produce normal retinal output.

You can see, in her case, she's wearing her transducer arrays, one of the front of her chest, one on the back, and then the second pair side to side over the liver.

The top one is from a normal animal, the middle one is from a blind animal that's been treated with this encoder transducer device, and the bottom one is from a blind animal treated with a standard prosthetic.

The whole notion, then, is one that at the interface there are physical properties in that transducer in this case it's pressure and touches that allow you to present things to the user that you could never present before.

So as you can see, the firing patterns from the blind animal treated with the encoder transducer really do very closely match the normal firing patterns and it's not perfect, but it's pretty good and the blind animal treated with the standard prosthetic, the responses really don't.