You probably know, if you've been paying attention to some of the science literature that you can now take a skin cell and encourage it to become a liver cell or a heart cell or a kidney cell or a brain cell for any of us.

And, there are other frequently dividing cells in your body

And if this continues the toe cell would die.

Cylindrical

cylinder

Cylinder

That turns out to be a big deal because now you can take, not just mouse cells, but you can human skin cells and turn them into human stem cells.

And then what they did in October is they took skin cells, turned them into stem cells and began to turn them into liver cells.

blob cylinder

Cylindrical Light

Blob cylinder

Blob Cylinder

And this is the perfect storm for forming a pimple.

Mitosis occurs in pretty much all of our somatic cells as our skin cells replicate, and our hair cells and all the tissue in our body as it duplicates itself, it goes through mitosis.

Cylinder type

Ceramides. They act as a signaling molecule in skin.

barrel game

So that all the cells of your body the skin cells, the cells of your liver, and of your heart, and even of your ear, those cells know, at a fundamental molecular level, whether they are XX or XY.

You place the muscle cells on the outside.

Arches are apparently beyond my power.

A couple of years ago, the Lasker Prize was awarded to the scientist Shinya Yamanaka for his research in which he took an adult skin cell, a fibroblast, and by manipulating just four genes, he induced that cell to revert to a pluripotential stem cell a cell potentially capable of becoming any cell in your body.

So in a male, you have some germ cells, so some of these cells turn into germ cells.

Each one plays a particular role a heart cell, a muscle cell, a brain cell.

The observation that stem cells, as master cells, could give rise to a whole variety of different cell types heart cells, liver cells, pancreatic islet cells captured the attention of the media and the imagination of the public.

Եկեք դա նշեմ բջջային թաղանթ

You already saw the work by Tony Atala on TED, but this ability to start filling things like inkjet cartridges with cells are allowing us to print skin, organs and a whole series of other body parts.

Nope that's not what I wanted to do.

How? And at what scale?

No thanks, I'd actually rather store this energy.

Fat derived stem cells are adult stem cells.

This is fascinating. You probably know, some of you, that cells are continually renewed.

But even now, 2011, there's still certain cells that we just can't grow from the patient.

They're a lot like embryonic stem cells except without the controversy.

Now let's zoom in on it here, so we can see it in more detail.

Cell division

Cell radius

They were developed in Japan pretty recently.

From Conception to Birth Oocyte

Fuel cells.

We have lots of cells that are not out for themselves anymore.

I chose to design a column.

Each column is effectively a hybrid of two columns.

In these cells, the mission is to move blood around their body.

And that's your ancestor.

So if I start off with a diploid cell, and that's my diploid cell right there, this would be a germ cell.