A water molecule has two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom.

We know above all that it was extremely simple.

What we do is we accelerate protons so, hydrogen nuclei around 99.999999 percent the speed of light.

Atomic nucleus

In a word, the answer to all these questions is polarity.

A molecule of water is made up of one oxygen and two hydrogen atoms.

But a first mental model in your head is at the center of this atom, of this carbon 12 atom, you have this nucleus.

The atomic number for hydrogen is 1.

Well, it will have one electron out there.

Draw atomic nuclei

You change the protons, you got a different element.

You know, I just drew it kind of visually, but you could draw it like this.

And the proton is actually the defining

This smells of cut grass. Now, this is the skeleton of the molecule.

Nuclear energy is produced by splitting atoms or by bringing them together.

So the atom is roughly on the scale of an angstrom.

The quarks, these pink things, are the things that make up protons and neutrons that make up the atomic nuclei in your body.

Now, an angstrom is the size of the diameter of a hydrogen atom.

One femtometer.

Plants drink in water from their roots to get the needed oxygen and hydrogen atoms, and their electrons, in order to build carbohydrates.

Since negative and positive attract, that oxygen is attracted to the hydrogen atoms in neighboring water molecules.

They just have a probability function.

You see these black dots? Those are the stable nuclides and all the other guys are radioactive.

It contains protons, neutrons and electrons.

I'll do it like this, so the hydrogen might look something like this.

So one, two, three, four, five, six.

Let me write this.

In which case, the nucleus... would be here.

We also all know that atoms are not the end of the story.

Սա ունի բջիջ պրոկարիորտ առանց կորիզի

One, two, three, four, five, six.

One, two, three, four, five, six.

So after helium, there is a big gap going to lithium, and then also another one going to boron, which is what limits the abundance of those elements.

Think how many discoveries they represent.

And what defines each element is the number of protons in the nucleus.

The most stable nucleus is iron, right in the middle of the periodic table.

In carbon they have this 12.0107.

We're going to actually move even further down as we go from this lattice of atoms to one single hydrogen atom.

V.L.A. in New Mexico, Particle Collider at C.E.R.N.,

Polarity refers to the unequal sharing of electrons within a molecule.

But this symmetry has to be broken, electrons are lighter than muons, the top quark is much much heavier than the quarks that make up everyday nuclei.

And that's where it gets philosophically interesting.

Let us consider the same thing as a plasma in centre of hydrogen atom, a proton.

This tells me the mass of the entire carbon atom, of this particular carbon atom.

And he said, Oh, that's great.