Nevertheless, Archie managed to get permission to do this.

The academic publishing environment is very different now.

So, consider the approved ones,

The treatment is experimental.

There are some experimental programs we're looking into... but those need fd a approval.

All of our test subjects started with an I.Q. of less than 65.

In fact, seven trials were conducted comparing reboxetine against a dummy placebo sugar pill.

Now can anybody spot a flaw in this design?

How can we explain this strange phenomenon?

Revenge is just the beginning.

There's this one trial he ran many years after World War Il.

Now in our final question, I now give you the observed outcomes.

I found no flaw.

I'm not saying that I believe in it, but... you know, it might be an experience.

A necessary part of human drug trials.

That's why I agreed to the drug study.

And then they went to see if these trials had been published in the peer reviewed academic literature.

And as you go up towards the top of the graph, what you see is each dot is a trial.

So we know that our beliefs and expectations can be manipulated, which is why we do trials where we control against a placebo where one half of the people get the real treatment and the other half get placebo.

So I'm going to tell you about one trial, which is probably the most well reported trial in the U.K. news media over the past decade.

leaving Celine with no alternatives.

And this is not a difficult problem to fix.

As part of a clinical trial for sleep disorders.

After that, we return the subjects to their original state.

We see it's doing much better than the passive agent or than the Greedy agent.

They knew that their hospitals were the right place for patients, and they knew it was very unethical to run any kind of trial or experiment.

let alone understand.

We want to know that it's better than the best currently available treatment that we have.

And so you're bound to make your new drug look better.

So they all cluster together.

They were, uh, conducting a drug trial here.

And third, we're keeping track of the number of times that we visited each state.

If there is publication bias, if small negative trials have gone missing in action, you can see it on one of these graphs.

It's where you go to laugh, it's where you go to cry, where you go to experience and share

The final phase of the project allows subjects to be released under the supervision of a guardian's care.

He ran his trial.

We've had people pretend that this is a problem that's been fixed.

So ideally what you want to do is a trial.

And this is not an isolated story.

So, for example, rats are incredibly responsive breeders.

So the policy loss and the dotted lines started off high but after only 20 trials, it's come down to perfect.

(Laughter)

Clinical studies form the basis of how we investigate, so if we're going to look at a new drug, right, we test it in people, we draw blood, we do experiments, and we gain consent for that study, to make sure that we're not screwing people over as part of it.

It is approved under an FDAlDE at the University of Virginia in Charlottesville using focused ultrasound to ablate a point in his thalamus.

And instead of telling you more about it,