And this outer layer, this is the vasculature, which is incredible, around a human brain.

You've got pulmonary arteries carrying blood, you've got bronchial arteries carrying blood and that blood mixes.

I drained his lungs.

It enters our body through the nose and mouth, moves down into the pharynx, trachea and bronchial tubes, and ultimately reaches the alveoli air sacs in the lungs.

The job, the second job of the heart, is actually also in this picture, and it's called pulmonary flow.

Blood flows through blood vessels.

It's gonna be going initially through a giant vessel.

His lungs are hemorrhaging.

And the capsules in her blood stream.

Blood runs in the veins.

So there's this actual extra little step here, where blood is going to and from the lungs, and that's the pulmonary flow.

Thank you, Sir.

You know, where did these things come from?

I mean, you've got red ones, and blue ones, and the blue ones are the veins, and the red ones are the arteries but are they part of the systemic flow, or pulmonary flow, or something else?

But this is not as I said in the beginning bad way of thinking about it.

So that's why I switch it in this point blue colored vessel to red colored vessel.

We can do this because tumor blood vessels are unlike normal, healthy vessels we see in other places of the body they're abnormal, they're very poorly constructed, and because of that, they're highly vulnerable to treatments that target them.

Pipe fitters design and assemble pipe systems.

And once it's there it's gonna be kind of mixed in with the capillaries and it's gonna start getting oxygen.

And I've drawn it as one tube with no split and this is the pulmonary trunk. Pulmonary trunk.

Shut your mouth!

The big change in our understanding of drivers of chronic health in the rich developed world is how important chronic stress from social sources is affecting the immune system, the cardiovascular system.

like red blood cells.

(Laughter)

Subdural hematoma.

Thrombosis is the process of a thrombus forming.

End to end, that would form a line that would circle the earth twice.

Lateral pain around thirty degrees of flexion is a positive test.

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For example, in the liver, they form channels to detoxify the blood in the lungs, they line air sacs for gas exchange.

I'll write it out again because I want to make sure we see clearly the difference between someone with compliant blood vessels and someone with non compliant vessels.

So, all these guys over here, these are the true capillaries.

So let's zoom in on one of them....Maybe we can zoom in right over here, that part of the artery.

All the sudden you could have these clotting factors form a clot right over here right at the actual plaque.

But there was something left.

Then you start to take a look at adult life.

Can't seem to find a vein.

Oh,clip that bleeder,Mr. Palmer.

Retract the duct a little more laterally.

So that's kind of a intersting fact that not as much goes this way directly into that systemic circulation.

And this is an X ray showing you the patent, functional blood vessel.

If we go down the small pathway a little bit farther, we're entering the era of nanomedicine, the ability to make devices super small to the point where we can design red blood cells or microrobots that will monitor our blood system or immune system, or even those that might clear out the clots from our arteries.

The walls are covered with villi where nutrient absorption takes place.

As the blood goes down into my lungs, right. these the lungs that kind of nessel into my thorax, where my heart is sitting, goes into my lungs and remember this blood is blue.

The heart is taking a quick breather to refill.