Dan Dennett See the shadows going back and forth? Pretty big.

I have to show you something from my own lab, so let me sneak this in.

'Uh, one'....'one'.... 'one'. .......the volunteer answers, 'It's two'...... 'one'

'Three.....'three'.....three.... the volunteer answers 'three'.....'three'

Shh, shh.

Let me show you how we do that.

And it was really enjoyable, really interesting.

It turns out that this score is actually meaningful.

That is, of course, sex. Great sex.

The subjects for the experiment were chosen at random.

This was recently done with a neuroscientific twist.

What happens? Watch as happiness is synthesized.

So they learned quickly and efficiently.

So along with colleagues in Zurich, we put 200 men on oxytocin or placebo, had that same trust test with money, and we found that those on oxytocin not only showed more trust, we can more than double the number of people who sent all their money to a stranger all without altering mood or cognition.

I see the change.

The subjects for the experiment were chosen at random.

The people for the experiment were chosen at random.

Okay, back to the example.

And there's three variables. So those are the, the.

But what is new today is the solution.

And then we should have random assignments to conditions.

This is the 1950s.

It is the attitude of the subjects that controls the outcome of the experiment.

So this is one of our experiments.

One study by Coricelli and Nagel gives a really sharp, interesting answer.

So I'm going to show you now one of the patients from this trial.

So we did an experiment.

How does this work?

They wanted this to work, they wanted to be able to show that their working memory training paradigm could boost intelligence.

For some of the subjects, sitting in the far corner of a room is a box of Godiva chocolates, and for others is a can of Spam.

And then X is going to be a matrix, and it's an n by k matrix.

So I looked carefully at this guy.

This was a randomized trial.

And for the first time, we can actually do that.

But what was unexpected was that these researchers did

This is actually going to work.

Oh, he'll be asleep most of the time. This is just another experiment, Dick.

Can everybody see? All right.

It smiles. She imitates the smile. This happens a lot.

But this is not what we find.

What happens with these one and two step types?

They are clustering pretty close to the truth.

So we put this in the robot.

It created a virus so lethal the ... subject was dead before he left the table.

The final point I would like for you to consider tonight is what happens to participants in the clinical trial once the research has been completed.