Feynman said, Forget all of that.

It's pretty horrible if you want to search systematically.

So, if you look through those you'll find there's a lot those.

Same with this guy over here, and this guy might find itself over here.

Of course, we learned that the Kalman filter is unimodal, just a single bump, whereas histograms and particles can have multiple bumps.

Particles

Film Grain

The analogy is that these people in a room are the Higgs particles.

Number of particles

In the world of physics, they call appearance of the matter out of nothing,

What's that?

And that's important. Many other filters can't.

We're creating a new set of particles called P3 it's an empty set in the beginning, and inside this routine, every time I resample,

And we came up with this analogy, and it seemed to work.

Particle Fountain Screen Saver

Particle density

What's an elementary particle?

Just start with the number of planets there are in our galaxy.

The fraction of those which get a first replicator.

The fraction of those that get the second replicator.

This geo engineering idea, in it's simplest form, is basically the following.

In fact, it is completely uncertain as to where it is.

Particle Gravity Screen Saver

Particle size

One or both, who knows? Or it could be something completely different.

What I'll do next is to give you another program assignment.

And less sunlight reaching the surface would tend to cool the planet.

Four Particle beam. Check. Three.

We do this thing N times, which is why I said with replacement we can draw multiple copies of the same particle, and in the end those particles that have a high normalized weight alpha over here will occur likely more frequently in the new set over here.

So, let's run it if I run it nothing happens to that empty set.

So, what is the probability of never sampling P3?

When we are done we reset P P2.

This is the essence of particle filters.

The algorithm works as follows.

Here's the maze. The robot is lost in space.

So, let's do this let me set N 1000 for 1000 particles.

Add Film Grain...

Add film grain

Particle Fountain Setup

Let me play this again.

Complex Brush

Einstein's days vacuum was vacuum, but the quantum physics told us that vacuum is very much alive.

It has a very small mass and negative electric charge.

It ignores measurements, because the measurement sets the weighting factor in this resampling process, but with only 1 particle the same particle will be resampled no matter what.

Thrun So here is our algorithm particle filter.