And, there are other frequently dividing cells in your body

To rule out fetal blood cells.

So it's not using oxygen and really these cells, we call them cells and there are many senses of the word, but they don't really have mitochondria, they also don't have nucleus.

You're dead.

And we all have them.

But for the sake of demonstration ... I think we should turn on the lights.

And we then can re perfuse the liver with cells, preserving the blood vessel tree.

So we set out by looking at how these molecules are put together.

Part of the human immune system.

So, we took the red cells you see the red cells are surrounded by blue, other cells that squeeze them, and behind it is material that people thought was mainly inert, and it was just having a structure to keep the shape, and so we first photographed it with the electron microscope years and years ago, and you see this cell is actually quite pretty.

So what you see in the picture there is a cell with a hormone receptor in red punching through the edge of the cell.

It's a few cell layers thick. On the inside you have some red blood cells bumping along.

End to end, that would form a line that would circle the earth twice.

And we know staph can do amazing things.

And it doesn't have any mitochondria, no mitochondria.

You probably know, if you've been paying attention to some of the science literature that you can now take a skin cell and encourage it to become a liver cell or a heart cell or a kidney cell or a brain cell for any of us.

You place the muscle cells on the outside.

So in a male, you have some germ cells, so some of these cells turn into germ cells.

Each one plays a particular role a heart cell, a muscle cell, a brain cell.

I'm just gonna kind of try to target a couple of the tissues that I think people sometimes might have questions about.

And it's in every cell.

The observation that stem cells, as master cells, could give rise to a whole variety of different cell types heart cells, liver cells, pancreatic islet cells captured the attention of the media and the imagination of the public.

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So that has no mitochondria, and it's not really using oxygen.

And all that systemic means is that I'm refering to the entire body.

I checked myself into a hospital and they told me I had hepatitis C.

And what we do is we, to make a blood vessel, same strategy.

No thanks, I'd actually rather store this energy.

Fat derived stem cells are adult stem cells.

But even now, 2011, there's still certain cells that we just can't grow from the patient.

Cell division

Cell radius

They were developed in Japan pretty recently.

From Conception to Birth Oocyte

Fuel cells.

What I would hope that I could further argue to you is that this is the invention of multicellularity.

Cells were all maternal. The baby's fine.

In these cells, the mission is to move blood around their body.

And that's your ancestor.

They all came from one unique embryonic stem cell or what initially was a blastomere.

They found these red circular looking objects, and they looked, for all the world,

And in fact, every cell in our body has a little blood vessel that's near by.

So let me draw a couple of scenarios here

So if I start off with a diploid cell, and that's my diploid cell right there, this would be a germ cell.

Nah, let's draw four, just for fun.