galaxy cluster

Virgo cluster, but most of them are tiny dwarfs that you have difficulty actually pointing out.

On the other side is Perseus Pisces

This was noted as an elegant structure in the sky and that we are kind of in its plane.

And this is an example of a very, actually, famous cluster, the Coma cluster.

Here we are rotating around a rich cluster of galaxies that is formed somewhere in one of the ANSls peaks.

But the dominant component, of course, is the dark matter.

There is one important distinction though, the early type galaxies, ellipticals and S0s tend to concentrate in clusters more than in general field and there is relatively few spiral galaxies in clusters.

Yes! The rays would lie on a I'd like to see yeah, on a cone.

That is, the deeper in the past you go, the more biased sample of the higher density peaks you see.

And on the variance, gas and galaxies, meaning stars, would contribute to bulk equal mass.

look like. Now we are much too large scale to see detailed merging but we're zooming in closer and closer.

This is another simulation used to illustrate this. Imagine that somehow there is a gigantic graph paper in the sky.

Many clusters have been studied using this technique.

These are unknown maps of the neutral hydrogen.

Well relaxed looking, symmetric round clusters tend to be dominated by elliptical galaxies.

And those galaxies have by and large fully formed except for an occasional merger or so.

This is reflecting processes of the galaxies evolution and we'll talk about them a little later.

As you remember t he free fall time scale for clusters is measured in gigayears and so many clusters are still forming.

Fritz Zwicky in 1930's who did a very simple experiment.

This turns out to have some significance for galaxy evolution in clusters, but again, it was relatively superficial.

Well, first of all, for the golden shape galaxies those are the galaxies in the cluster.

As we look deeper, we find more clusters and by and large, some of them look pretty much like clusters near us.

Stepping further out between 3,000 and 6,000 kilometers per second, new structures come in.

Vaucouleurs, who was a famous informational astronomer, also pointed out that our immediate extra galactic neighborhood forms what we call the local super cluster of which will one part, and virgo cluster in the center with some elongated structure in the sky as seen in the projection here.

We don't live in the center of the solar system, we don't live in the center of the galaxy and our galaxy's not in the center of the cluster.

The strength of this effect, the intensity of stripping, if you will.

Galaxies

Start differentiating into effector and memory cells.

Density in galaxies and M87 is the big galaxy in the middle essentially the center in argo cluster.

Or low density universe. A sum of different source counts involve galaxy clusters.

The expected temperature of those gas is of the order of a million degrees Kelvin.

Galaxy

galaxy

Galaxy

The Coral Galaxy!

There is certain stripping of gas which removes few of our star formation and so on.

However, we do now have good physical understanding where all this comes from.

And when a number of filaments come together in a knot, that makes a supercluster of galaxies.

And this is how most of the initial catalogs were compiled.

Well, this is a picture of it.

Because of the dense environment both proximity of many other galaxies to zip by or merge with and the dense intergalactic medium of x ray gas.

Dark matter, because it gravitationally attracts, it tends to encourage the growth of structure, OK.

local super galactic neighbourhood might look like, with Local Supercluster and nearby superclusters like Perseus Pisces and Hydra Centaurus.

Galactic Coordinates