We want to make sure that the defect is actually error, that is it is wrong.

The defect is what turns otherwise valid input in the end into a failure.

What is an error? An error is something that deviates from what's correct, right, or truth.

Remember a defect is an error in the code, failure is an error in the execution and infection is an error in the state.

Finally, every defect can cause a failure. How? That's tricky.

It's a symbolic gesture. I tear up the script,

There is an error in your Fragment Shader

There is an error in your Vertex Shader

And these are the two things we need to show when we fix a defect.

In order to make sure that the defect is an error, we must show how to correct it and to show that the defect causes the failure, we must show that the failure no longer occurs after we have changed it.

In debugging, we also have such a cause effect chain from the defect to the infection that is, an error in the state and finally to the failure, which can be observed by a user.

Well first and foremost, this is a defect because if a statement produces an infection then it must be erroneous itself, and an error in the code is what we normally call a defect.

The statement which generates this infection is the defect. This is the last step of debugging.

This notion of causality is important in debugging because when you fix a defect we want to make sure to think first.

It is important to show both the defect is an error and the cause in order to avoid situations in which a defect only is an error but does not cause the failure or that something causes the failure but is not an error.

Example 1.

People had panic.

Regular Expression syntax is incorrect

With an image template, it gives you certain errors.

Remember, it's a question about JavaScript. (Text

And then you commit that transaction.

There is an error with your GLSL Program, it cannot be linked

Hey. What's the first thing? What's going to happen?

Write errors to file instead of stderr

Now we run this, and what we get is an error, and you can see what the error is.

A star assumes a static and deterministic world.

and therefore, all men are prone to temptation.

And that's why the law has changed.

There were errors

No error.

ERROR Nested too deep, ignored.

We also want to make sure that the defect causes the failure if A is the defect and B is the failure.

And so, they're in trouble.

Now let's work on this invalid case. Let's make that a little bit more friendly.

There was an internal error with the media slave...

Error XML file does not contain a wallet.

The error relates to the last command.

To correct the defect, such that it no longer produces an infection but actually makes the program behave correctly.

No external libraries are needed to build this extension.

If they log out on and then submit a form in the other that could cause some problems.

You tend to get graphs for the right image.

Not an error

TRUE on success, FALSE on error

Error during autosave! Partition full?

Here's a failing assertion 2 2 5. Let's see, when we run this whole thing what we got?