We prototyped by CAT scanning the brain out of this animal.

But humans are different.

And one of the main reasons our brain got so big is because it got a new part, called the frontal lobe.

If you look at the first slide there, that's the temporal lobes, frontal lobes, parietal lobes, OK the lobes that constitute the brain.

Bullet from the frontal lobe of your rear admiral.

Psychosurgery. Procedures like the transorbital lobotomy.

The bell curve shows 150 controls, and what is being looked at is the difference between the right and the left frontal lobe.

Just very simply, the three parts of the brain the frontal lobe, where you focus your attention and concentration you have the temporal lobe, where you form images and keep memories and the posterior part of your brain, which contains the cerebellum, which controls motion and the brain stem, where you have your basic maintenance functions,

Ever heard of transorbital lobotomy?

To hear it, you'll need a frontal lobe and things with names like colliculus and temporal gyrus, but you won't have them anymore because they'll just be soup.

When images are formed, a higher part of the visual cortex is involved in the temporal lobe.

This is a roughly normal scan, showing equal distribution of energy.

So you have the prefrontal cortex here,

And it's that Tuesday evening back in 1982.

So one part is the parietal cortex which is very well known to control the orientation of attention.

The frontal lobe, the neocortex, the human part that doesn't come back.

I can't shake that line.

This is the work of Dr. Bruce Miller.

Power.

But when you exercise them, any given muscle adds strength to the whole system, and that applies to your brain, too.

You're a smart man, Muller.

The following in your head!

You were the boss, right?

Take Sean, who prefers blue tasting food, such as milk, oranges, and spinach.

Now look at that beautiful, big, old forehead on the Homo sapiens skull.

Right, right?

I used to think you had a brain, man.

The front part of my head.

Use your fuckin' hand.

We're able to drive down area 25, down to a more normal level, and we're able to turn back online the frontal lobes of the brain, and indeed we're seeing very striking results in these patients with severe depression.

When I was out with my friends drinking beer,

And you see activity in some regions we've seen today, medial prefrontal cortex, dorsomedial, however, up here, ventromedial prefrontal cortex, anterior cingulate, an area that's involved in lots of types of conflict resolution, like if you're playing Simon Says, and also the right and left temporoparietal junction.

It's also, by the way, a characteristic of certain kinds of brain damage.

So here this is the car seat.

Do a little thinking next time, before you use it.

You report to the flight deck.

(Laughter)

Because we can imagine, in essence, continuing on.

She kept asking and kept asking, and I lost my patience and I snapped at her.

So this is a model of the human brain, and this is prefrontal cortex, right at the front.

Three dimensional play fires up the cerebellum, puts a lot of impulses into the frontal lobe the executive portion helps contextual memory be developed, and and, and, and.

So one, two, three, four, five, six, seven 0's.

I shoot you through the brain.

Bow your head before me.

And we placed electrodes in area 25, and in the top scan you see before the operation, area 25, the sadness area is red hot, and the frontal lobes are shut down in blue, and then, after three months of continuous stimulation, 24 hours a day, or six months of continuous stimulation, we have a complete reversal of this.