This, uh,

Your proposal. How half hearted.

Antibacterial earphones, so it's safe.

There's a new microbe, I just discovered it.

You've got a lot of pressure favoring antibiotic resistance, so you get increased virulence leading to the evolution of increased antibiotic resistance.

Antibacterial earphones, so it's okay.

And the result of it is, we have diseases.

Dean, how bad is it?

Ma Yeah.

And we study these the most because this might be a good alternative to antibiotics.

It's highly contagious. So it's said. Tularemic meningitis.

And I can cultivate that intuition in you by just asking you

There is a company called Sharklet Technologies that's now putting this on the surfaces in hospitals to keep bacteria from landing, which is better than dousing it with anti bacterials or harsh cleansers that many, many organisms are now becoming drug resistant.

They either pop the bacterial membrane, they make the bacterium so it can't replicate its DNA.

One of the interesting things about these particular guys is that they're in the actinomycete and streptomycete groups of the bacteria, which is where we get most of our antibiotics.

Some of you may have heard of this.

And once you get increased antibiotic resistance, the antibiotics aren't knocking out the harmful strains anymore.

Bacteria are incredibly multi drug resistant right now, and that's because all of the antibiotics that we use kill bacteria.

We've all learned what the kind of panic that can occur when an old disease rears its head, like anthrax.

The resistant forms of tuberculosis. There are others.

And the focus when I'm talking about the diarrheal organisms, as well as the focus when I'm talking about any organisms that cause acute infectious disease, is to think about the problem from a germ's point of view, germ's eye view.

They got the organism to evolve to mildness, and they got no development of antibiotic resistance.

So now you understand how viruses can attack cells.

And we know staph can do amazing things.

And yes they die, drowning in their own fluids, of pneumonia.

But what if we have it backwards?

If you look at the y axis of this graph, you'll see that, in the mechanically ventilated air, you have a higher probability of encountering a potential pathogen, or germ, than if you're outdoors.

Oxalic acid is two carbon dioxide molecules joined together.

Then you can harvest the kernels, and then you just need a few kernels.

Fungi don't like to rot from bacteria, and so our best antibiotics come from fungi.

Now failure to produce enough insulin is incompatible with life.

What is effective? What is the right thing to do?

Oh, a woman who can resist his charms.

fungal.

That's because if there are any harmful bacteria on the outside,

And you can test these ideas.

We can download new diagnostics.

And we came up with Econol.

It's like the new sperm donor.

Bugs.

Clostridium botulinum.

Some of these infections are actually carrying antibiotic resistance genes now, and that makes them even more difficult.

And underlying these questions,

Cause and effect.

Let's look at some suggestive facts.