And let me actually show you where the blood vessels come from. These are called coronary vessels I just write the word coronary here.

It was the icu.

He's dying. Coronary blockage.

So here's Allan teaching an English speaking surgeon in Africa these basic fundamental skills necessary to do minimally invasive surgery.

He was not a healthy man. Mr. Rowe had quadruple bypass surgery before his 40th birthday.

They're taking the de oxygenated blood away from the tissue of the heart.

Well, can we do these same surgeries but through little incisions?

Coronary vessels So, coronary artery and vein.

Officially, they're characterizing that it was a coronary brought on by systemic shock.

This right over here is called the left coronary artery or LCA.

Now that is surgical thinking.

But if you have to have an operation, what you really want is a minimally invasive operation.

led us on a search for a better universal translator.

Or from the point of view of the person whose heart it is, it's on the left.

Artery up here, artery over here, and then vein in the other two spots.

By using this method, a surgeon can execute an entire surgical operation through an endoscope in conjunction with an ultrasonic technology.

So ischemia is deprivation of blood flow and oxygen downstream from this right over there.

So this is a bypass operation, just like what Al Gore had, with a difference.

Now just this past year, one of our partners, the American College of Surgeons, teamed up with us to make an announcement that all surgeons should be FLS (Fundamentals of Laparoscopic Surgery) certified before they do minimally invasive surgery.

It has sensors.

Well, what is needed for the earliest possible warning of a heart attack?

Now, that inability to properly pump not just the cell, but the whole heart that is heart failure.

At this time this was an N of 20. Now there's an N of about 100.

And you can see, it's lumpy bumpy.

And so when people talk about arteries getting blocked or getting clogged, they're talking about the coronary arteries.

And now just speaking to the compliance issue imagine that you had a really rigid iron pipe, something completely solid, it's not going to budge no matter what you do.

But this one's kind of cool.

Well, unfortunately that type of aneurysm is inoperable.

If that happens the chances of surgery

That's not very nice, but, after all, we had to find out what the answer is.

And as I say, most of them really die very horribly, 80 is very bad for you. now that means, that is really bizarre that one should ask the question why should we defy aging.

It looks like a hair dryer from Mars.

That's what we call coronary artery disease, or heart disease.

You should know th Mr. Taylor's looking at a minum of five hours in surgery.

Not to worry. It's a noninvasive extraction of cells.

So you can see through the abdominal organs on the patient's body surface before cutting the abdominal wall, so we can reduce the length of the incision line.

Basically, if you take an extremely sick patient and you give them a bypass, they get a little bit better.

One of the most famous of these guys, Frere Jacques, shown here doing a lithotomy which is the removal of the bladder stone, one of the most invasive surgeries they did at the time had to take less than two minutes.

And then, when the heart is ready to pump it back out, it goes into this artery, and the name of it is the aorta.

Same is true for organ failure, when you have loss of function owing to poor perfusion of kidney, of liver, acute respiratory distress syndrome and damage suffered in cardiac bypass surgery.

The syndrome, the female pattern now is called microvascular coronary dysfunction, or obstruction.

You can also sew bypass vessels directly onto a beating heart without cracking the chest.

But you may not know that he tried to perform lobotomies in the brain, noninvasively, with focused ultrasound in the '50s.

His vitals are spiking.

And the veins actually drain into a spot , directly into the right atrium.