In fact, it's one of the biggest problems with chemotherapy today.

And that is where the research began.

From Conception to Birth Oocyte

Well, so what I read on WebMD

I think we have found the problem. Your ovarian follicles are still immature.

In a female, they would be involved in the ovaries.

Cisplatin is a relatively common ovarian cancer chemotherapy drug a relatively simple molecule made in the lab that messes with the DNA of cancer cells and causes them to kill themselves.

It remembers that it's cancer.

So, you know, you aren't treated if it's not dangerous.

In fact, one in 70 women will be diagnosed with ovarian cancer.

In the immortal germ line of human beings that is, the eggs that sit in the ovaries they actually sit there in a state of suspended animation for up to 50 years in the life of each woman.

One in 100 will die from it.

And the reason is that cancer, like every cell in the body, places little molecular bookmarks,

And this is exactly how one cancer cell becomes two cancer cells, two cancer cells become four cancer cells, and we have ultimately uncontrolled tumor growth.

It's not just any cell in the body.

The most exciting thing for Bob Lanza is the ability now to take any kind of cell with induced pluripotent stem cells and turn it into germ cells, like sperm and eggs.

The infected cells have a definitive spiderweb look.

And the cells that have a haploid number of chromosomes are our gametes, which are sperm cells for men, and ova, or egg cells for women.

You probably know, if you've been paying attention to some of the science literature that you can now take a skin cell and encourage it to become a liver cell or a heart cell or a kidney cell or a brain cell for any of us.

DNA researcher Andrew Hessel has pointed out quite rightly that if you can use cancer treatments, modern cancer treatments, to go after one cell while leaving all the other cells around it intact, then you can also go after any one person's cell.

Some people who have XX chromosomes develop what are called ovotestis, which is when you have ovarian tissue with testicular tissue wrapped around it.

She lays her eggs in other nests

Your ovaries look fine.

So in a male, you have some germ cells, so some of these cells turn into germ cells.

Each one plays a particular role a heart cell, a muscle cell, a brain cell.

The observation that stem cells, as master cells, could give rise to a whole variety of different cell types heart cells, liver cells, pancreatic islet cells captured the attention of the media and the imagination of the public.

Եկեք դա նշեմ բջջային թաղանթ

And the germ cells I'll just write it here, just so you get a clear for a male, that's the sperm cells, and for female that's the egg cells, or the ova.

Then one day, there's a big egg in it.

No thanks, I'd actually rather store this energy.

Fat derived stem cells are adult stem cells.

What we did is something called somatic cell nuclear transplantation.

The ostrich egg is a single cell, and it can grow up to five pounds.

In effect, the cancer cell was forgetting it was cancer and becoming a normal cell.

But even now, 2011, there's still certain cells that we just can't grow from the patient.

Cell division

Cell radius

They were developed in Japan pretty recently.

Fuel cells.

These are the dissected gonads of an animal that has two testes, two ovaries, another large testis, more ovaries, which is not normal ... (Laughter) even for amphibians.

Has a coherent movement.

In these cells, the mission is to move blood around their body.

And that's your ancestor.

Chemotherapy, one of the most effective ways used to treat cancer today, involves giving patients really high doses of chemicals to try and kill off cancer cells.

So if I start off with a diploid cell, and that's my diploid cell right there, this would be a germ cell.