They control how the cells grow and differentiate.

And what MyoD essentially does is, it causes cells to differentiate into muscle cells.

Cell division

He generated neurons from these induced pluripotent stem cells from patients who have Lou Gehrig's Disease, and he differentiated them into neurons, and what's amazing is that these neurons also show symptoms of the disease.

Maybe these cells eventually differentiate into things that'll turn to my brain.

Rapid cell deterioration.

celermitosis.

Let's make it concrete.

Kecyte and... at that rate, you couldn't possibly maintain cell regulation or differentiation.

You probably know, if you've been paying attention to some of the science literature that you can now take a skin cell and encourage it to become a liver cell or a heart cell or a kidney cell or a brain cell for any of us.

The zygote happens or gets created and starts splitting up the morula, and then it keeps splitting and it differentiates into the blastocyst, and then this is where the stem cells are.

When you take a chemotherapeutic drug, it will hit all of these cells.

But it differentiated.

We then tease the tissue apart into its two individual cell components, muscle, and these bladder specialized cells.

We're actually injecting contrast into the organ.

So if I start off with a diploid cell, and that's my diploid cell right there, this would be a germ cell.

I'm reading massive cellular deterioration.

Interestingly, when you were first conceived, and you were just comprised of a few, undifferentiated embryonic stem cells, which had the potential to become any cell in your body, your chromatin didn't have many Epigenetic marks on it.

disabling, reversing cell cycle inhibitors.

Another way by which bugs can affect the brain is by activating the gut endocrine system.

Եկեք դա նշեմ բջջային թաղանթ

Mitosis occurs in pretty much all of our somatic cells as our skin cells replicate, and our hair cells and all the tissue in our body as it duplicates itself, it goes through mitosis.

It has not experienced cytokinesis, which we will talk about in a few moments, but that's the process of the actual cytoplasm of the cell being split into two different cells.

I'll nicely demonstrate that for you. (Laughter)

Let's look at a healthy liver cell, a healthy hair cell, and a cancerous cell.

They are our body's own repair kits, and they're pluripotent, which means they can morph into all of the cells in our bodies.

And the reason is that cancer, like every cell in the body, places little molecular bookmarks,

And so if this germ cell undergoes meiosis, and I'll do a whole video on the mechanics of it, instead of two cells, it'll actually produce four cells that each have half the number of chromosomes in them, so these cells are haploid.

But what does a cell do?

Wait a minute. How do you interrupt the cellular mitosis?

Notice, this is an aldehyde, and it's an alcohol.

Notice, this is an aldehyde, and it's an alcohol.

It can actually make itself glow.

Because in essence what it means is you can take a cell, which is a pluripotent stem cell, which is like a skier at the top of a mountain, and those two skiers become two pluripotent stem cells, four, eight, 16, and then it gets so crowded after 16 divisions that those cells have to differentiate.

It is a simple chemical model of a living cell, and if you consider for example a cell in your body may have on the order of millions of different types of molecules that need to come together, play together in a complex network to produce something that we call alive.

So in a male, you have some germ cells, so some of these cells turn into germ cells.

Each one plays a particular role a heart cell, a muscle cell, a brain cell.

It gets bigger, and that's during the G2 phase, so it's just growing more.

And that's your ancestor.

The observation that stem cells, as master cells, could give rise to a whole variety of different cell types heart cells, liver cells, pancreatic islet cells captured the attention of the media and the imagination of the public.

Եվ ես կարող էի հավանաբար պատրաստել մի ամբողջ այս թեմայով

And as we go smaller again, about ten times smaller than that, is a cell.

SR So what do you think, Xu?

And it's in men as well as in women.

So, in the end, it is all about growth.