You probably know, if you've been paying attention to some of the science literature that you can now take a skin cell and encourage it to become a liver cell or a heart cell or a kidney cell or a brain cell for any of us.

If you present with a diseased pancreas we'd like to take cells from that organ.

We wanted to get something like a fossil record of the building, and to do this, we sampled dust.

And in our lab, we are focused on taking fat and reprogramming mounds of fat into fountains of youthful cells cells that we may use to then form other, more specialized, cells, which one day may be used as cell transplants.

Not to worry. It's a noninvasive extraction of cells.

And we're working a lot with the stem cells that we published on two years ago, stem cells from the amniotic fluid, and the placenta, which have those properties.

A somatic cell, a body cell, was taken from its body, gestated in the ovum of a cow, and then that cow gave birth to a guar.

A blood vessel is made up of two different cell types.

Because in essence what it means is you can take a cell, which is a pluripotent stem cell, which is like a skier at the top of a mountain, and those two skiers become two pluripotent stem cells, four, eight, 16, and then it gets so crowded after 16 divisions that those cells have to differentiate.

But even now, 2011, there's still certain cells that we just can't grow from the patient.

It has a bottom, it has a top, it is secreting gobs and gobs of milk, because it just came from an early pregnant mouse.

And this inspired in my mind a shift from transplanting whole organs to perhaps transplanting cells.

And we got, again, about three to six times more stem cells than the standard approach done on the same patient.

But another thing about these induced pluripotent stem cells is that if we take some skin cells, let's say, from people with a genetic disease and we engineer tissues out of them, we can actually use tissue engineering techniques to generate models of those diseases in the lab.

We've just come out, we're commercializing, this year, generation 2.0 of the Marrow Miner.

And that's your ancestor.

Եկեք դա նշեմ բջջային թաղանթ

And then what they did in October is they took skin cells, turned them into stem cells and began to turn them into liver cells.

So you have this notion of when you to get an embryonic stem cell line, and when I say a stem cell line, I mean you take a couple of stem cells, or let's say you take one stem cell, and then you put it in a Petri dish, and then you allow it to just duplicate.

And as it turns out, fat is one of the best sources of adult stem cells.

They're basically viable cells, so someone like Bob Lanza at Advanced Cell Technology took some of that tissue from an endangered animal called the Javan banteng, put it in a cow, the cow went to term, and what was born was a live, healthy baby Javan banteng, who thrived and is still alive.

The gun that you see there sprays cells.

So, you know, you aren't treated if it's not dangerous.

So in a male, you have some germ cells, so some of these cells turn into germ cells.

Each one plays a particular role a heart cell, a muscle cell, a brain cell.

Get a DNA swab.

So certain genes are expressed in certain parts of the body, but every one of your body cells, and we call those somatic cells, and we'll separate those from the sex sells or the germs that we'll talk about later.

The observation that stem cells, as master cells, could give rise to a whole variety of different cell types heart cells, liver cells, pancreatic islet cells captured the attention of the media and the imagination of the public.

You know, we're not mice, and you can't go into a living person with an illness and just pull out a few brain cells or cardiac cells and then start fooling around in a lab to test for, you know, a promising drug.

Pick a color

So he'll take, say, falcon skin cells, fibroblast, turn it into induced pluripotent stem cells.

Tom Rielly So Max, by taking all these samples of,

The centrosomes have gone to opposite sides of the cell itself.

So this is my body cells.

Why? Because they will not reject.

Let's look at a healthy liver cell, a healthy hair cell, and a cancerous cell.

And you can do that you can tweak the viruses so they hit just some cells and not others.

So, a Spanish woman who was dying of T.B. had a donor trachea, they took all the cells off the trachea, they spraypainted her stem cells onto that cartilage.

this process continues throughout our lives.

Let me do it in green.

No thanks, I'd actually rather store this energy.

Fat derived stem cells are adult stem cells.

Սա ունի բջիջ պրոկարիորտ առանց կորիզի

They can't do it naturally, so what they do with this thing is they take a spoon, take some cells out of an adult gaur's mouth, code, take the cells from that and insert it into a fertilized cow's egg, reprogram cow's egg different gene code.

That turns out to be a big deal because now you can take, not just mouse cells, but you can human skin cells and turn them into human stem cells.