Over millions of years, variation and selection, variation and selection trial and error, trial and error.

It's still being tested.

And it takes a lot of trial and error.

Well Tim, it's kind of obvious.

Trial and error is essential to progress.

(Applause)

You just need to say that right.

And we're still trying to keep with the real character.

So, it was back to the drawing board for us.

And then I'm going to show you it's actually a lot more complicated.

I sometimes wonder.

It didn't come because you put some incredibly smart person in charge.

And it has been for 50 years an experiment.

Don't feel that there should be a way that you can just always power through these problems.

When schools stop doing that all the time,

Our motto is, 'Fail early and fail often.'

It's really helpful. This is my first time teaching a class.

These are the kinds of lessons as awkward as it was to be a pretty goofy teenager, much worse to be a frustrated designer.

And I'm going to show you a bunch of dead ends, basically.

But the art form is quite different than it used to be.

Now I'm still eager to reach an agreement based on the principles of my bipartisan debt commission. No party has a monopoly on wisdom.

Your mother? Yeah.

Here's an example.

Moving along, what about the area of a triangle?

It's like it's studying the buildings, trying to figure them out.

Finding a solution that worked was a process of trial and error.

Through trial and error, he found the right answer by chance.

Scorpions follow prey out of the sea. Slugs became snails.

It took about ten years for me to be aware of this and get the right way.

It's a branch in the plan, so what we do is we search through this tree.

let's have a systematic way of determining what's working and what's not you can solve your problem.

And that's the way, ultimately after some ups and downs,

Well, we use that great euphemism, trial and error, which is exposed to be meaningless.

Now you show me a successful complex system, and I will show you a system that has evolved through trial and error.

There's a lot of research and a lot of failure, trial and error I guess, more error that goes into each and every dish, so we don't always get it right, and it takes a while for us to be able to explain that to people.

Information can't be found anywhere, so I created a manual myself through trial and error.

So because we have our actions encoded in this logical form, we can automatically edit that form.

And about two years later, about a year later, after a bunch of organization and a bunch of moving things around, we'd accomplished a couple things.

So instead, you can experiment with these different tools here by some process of guided trial and error, and at some point you will discover that one thing that you can do among several legitimate transformations is the following one.

But the geneticist Professor Steve Jones describes how Unilever actually did solve this problem trial and error, variation and selection.

How could I share my sense of Rome, my understanding of Rome?

Sometimes you can look at this first digit and look at the first digit here and make an estimate.

But something about the first piece, the Animali Chordata piece, kept coming back to me, this idea of interaction with art, and I really liked the idea of people being able to interact, and also being challenged by interacting with art.

Misrepresentation of horizontal space in unilateral brain damage.

So we, by making a whole bunch of attempts, thousands of attempts, in that four year time period, we invented the concepts of the airplanes that we fly today.